April 2026

How Amazon Scales Product Carbon Footprints (PCFs) with Muir AI

Discover how Amazon's procurement organization used Muir AI to baseline and scale Product Carbon Footprints (PCFs) for Scope 3 decarbonization.

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Intro

Amazon, a co-founder of The Climate Pledge, aims for net-zero carbon by 2040. Achieving this goal is dependent on decarbonizing its global supply chain, as Scope 3 emissions account for nearly 75% of its total footprint (50 million metric tons of CO2e in 2024).

The Challenge: Moving Beyond Industry Averages

Amazon’s Global Procurement Organization (GPO) needed to move past "category-level" Lifecycle Assessments (LCAs). While helpful, these averages lacked the product-specific detail required for accurate baselines. Amazon needed a scalable PCF solution that could bridge the gap while suppliers built up their own internal carbon accounting capacity.

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The Solution: Muir AI’s Scalable Product Carbon Footprint (PCFs)

Amazon's GPO selected Muir AI. With Muir, Amazon had access to a solution that automated PCFs at scale using limited data, all while meeting Amazon's assurance, and reporting and integration requirements. Further, Muir enabled supplier engagement through creation and distribution of PCFs to suppliers for review and insertion of primary data.

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Results: Rapid Baselining and Supplier Engagement

In early 2025, Amazon launched a pilot for the packaging category. The results showed that baselining PCFs across a high priority category was achievable with the right solution:

Efficiency: Baselined PCFs for over 75% of global packaging spend in less than six months.
Flexibility: Generated PCFs using limited procurement data.
Accuracy: Moving from industry-average data to actionable, product-level analytics.

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Looking Ahead

Amazon is now extending this approach to other carbon-intensive categories, inviting suppliers to manage Bill of Materials (BOMs) and finalize PCFs directly on the Muir Platform for use in sustainability reporting and contract reviews.

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Frequently Asked Questions

How does Muir’s platform generate ISO 14067 compliant Product Carbon Footprints (PCFs)?

To be reliable, AI-generated emissions data must adhere to global standards. Muir's methodology is third-party assured to ISO 14067. Every PCF we generate follows this rigorous framework. Users can also apply further methodology constraints, such as Battery Product Category Rules consistent with the EU Battery Regulation (EUBR), depending on their specific compliance needs.

What minimum data is required to create a PCF?

Muir creates dynamic PCFs, utilizing a blend of primary and secondary data. Because of our Synthetic BOM engine, an accurate PCF can be generated with as little as a product name and sourcing location. As more data becomes available, the model can be enriched with your actual BOMs, facility energy data, or full upstream material sourcing information.

How does Muir streamline the collection of primary sustainability data from suppliers?

Gathering primary data from Tier 1 and Tier 2 suppliers is traditionally a bottleneck. Muir solves this by providing users with the ability to automatically survey and gather data from suppliers for decarbonization efforts or regulatory reporting (like EUBR). This is done through a secure supplier portal that protects their sensitive data, streamlines reporting, and allows the AI to fill in any remaining data gaps.

Can AI-generated Product Carbon Footprints (PCFs) be audited?

Yes. For regulatory compliance, traceability is mandatory. All PCFs created on the Muir Platform are audit-ready. Every footprint is supported by complete visibility into the material breakdowns, energy consumption, manufacturing steps, and supply chain sourcing, providing the exact emissions source for every node in the value chain.

Can Muir identify supply chain decarbonization opportunities that also make business sense?

Beyond simply reporting emissions, Muir evaluates each product for actionable decarbonization opportunities. Our models analyze multiple reduction strategies, such as using recycled content, altering manufacturing pathways, or changing sourcing regions. Each strategy is scored against its emissions impact, cost implications, and overall feasibility, ensuring you get recommendations that benefit both the planet and the bottom line.

What is a Synthetic Bill of Material (BoM) and how does Muir generate it without supplier inputs?

A Synthetic BoM is an AI-generated approximation of a product's material makeup and manufacturing processes, used when primary supplier data is missing or incomplete. Muir’s BoM engine is built on our proprietary materials and manufacturing dataset. Combined with AI search, it takes simple procurement data (product name, mass, and supplier) and reconstructs the likely material composition for a product. This allows engineers and supply chain teams to instantly analyze thousands of SKUs without waiting for vendor quotes.

Is my company’s proprietary data secure when using Muir?

Yes. Enterprise AI tools must ensure your data is never used to train public models. Muir employs enterprise-grade security, including SOC 2 Type II compliance and data encryption at rest and in transit. Your proprietary data remains completely siloed and accessible only to your authorized users.

Can Muir integrate with existing ERPs like SAP, Oracle, or NetSuite?

Yes, Muir offers API-based integrations and bulk-upload capabilities that ingest data directly from your existing ERP or PLM systems. Because our AI is highly flexible, it eliminates the need for manual data cleaning and can easily handle obscure part numbers, messy data, or incomplete BoMs.

How does a "Human-in-the-Loop" process improve AI-generated product insights?

While AI automates heavy data processing, "Human-in-the-Loop" ensures accuracy by keeping subject matter experts in control. Muir believes in transparent AI; every classification, footprint, or cost model we generate includes the underlying logic and source data. This allows your cost engineers or sustainability professionals to verify, override, or fine-tune results. Refinements are then stored so your organization can reference the updates in the future.

How do you pronounce Muir?

Don't worry, we have all been there! For those struggling to say Muir, it rhymes with pure.

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How Amazon Scales Product Carbon Footprints (PCFs) with Muir AI

Intro

The Challenge: Moving Beyond Industry Averages

The Solution: Muir AI’s Scalable Product Carbon Footprint (PCFs)

Results: Rapid Baselining and Supplier Engagement

Looking Ahead

Other stories

Frequently Asked Questions

Contact us

Thank you for contacting us!

Register for your free Muir account

We will follow up shortly with your account information.

How Amazon Scales Product Carbon Footprints (PCFs) with Muir AI

Intro

The Challenge: Moving Beyond Industry Averages

The Solution: Muir AI’s Scalable Product Carbon Footprint (PCFs)

Results: Rapid Baselining and Supplier Engagement

Looking Ahead

Stay up to date on the latest about Muir and in sustainability

Other stories

Frequently Asked Questions